Guang-Zhao Zhou was born in Changsha, Hunan province in May 1929. He joined the Communist Party in 1952. He is a famous theoretical physicist, academician of Chinese Academy of sciences (CAS) and honorary chairman of Chinese Association of Science and Technology (CAST) .
From 1946 to 1951, he studied in physics department of Tsinghua University. After graduated, he studied in Peking University in1951. In 1954 he graduated from Peking University with a master degree in Theoretical Physics. He worked as a lecturer in physics department of Peking University in Aug.1954. From 1957 to 1960, he worked as Middle research fellow at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna,USSR. From 1961 to 1964 worked as vice director and then director of theory department of nuclear weapon research institute and chief engineer of the 9th Bureau of Ministry of Nuclear Industry, and director of the 9th institute of the Ministry of Machine Building. From 1979, he became research fellow of Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP), CAS. In 1980, he was elected as the member of the committee of the CAS Academic Divisions (then renamed as Academician of CAS) .In 1982, he was elected vice director and then director of ITP. In1984, he was elected as vice president of CAS. He was selected as Academician of The Third World Academy of Sciences. In1987, he was elected as president of CAS ,secretary of the CAS Party Leader Group，and vice chairman of Chinese Society of Physics. In 1988, he was chairman of Chen Jiageng Science Prize Foundation. In May he was elected as 4th vice chairman the CAST. In April 1992, he was elected as executive director of the CAS Academic Divisions. In Aug.1993, he was elected as chairman of advisory committee of University of Science and Technology and as vice chairman of Union of Pure and Applied Physics(IUPAP). From1995 to 1999, he was vice director of the Academic Degree Commission under the State Council. In May, 1996, he was elected 5th chairman of the CAST. At the 8th Academician Conference in Jun.1996, he was elected executive director of the CAS Academic Divisions.。He was once member of national science and technology leading group，vice chairman of Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAIP)，member of International Society of Particle and Field theory. From Mar.1998 to Mar.2003, elected as the 9th Vice-Chairman of Standing Committee of the National People's Congress。In Jun.2001, he was elected 6th chairman of CAST and elected as honorary chairman of CAST in May 2006.
Kuang-Chao Chou (Guang-Zhao Zhou) is a world-renowned theoretical physicist. His mainly research fields are high energy physics and nuclear theory for weapons. His works have highly been praised by the international scientific community. He proved in 1959 an important theorem in T or CP violation, which states that under CPT invariance while T reflection is not conserved, the decay branching ratios of particle and anti-particle to different states can be different although total decay widths are the same. In 1960, K. C. Chou analytically demonstrated the partial conservation of axial current (PCAC), which has been reputed to be one of the most important contributions in particle physics. For that, he was recognized internationally as one of the founding fathers of PCAC. In view of the need in analyzing high energy scattering amplitude, K.C. Chou introduced, for the first time, the concept of helicity amplitude and its corresponding mathematical description in 1957. In addition to the proposal first envisaged by him for the utilization of mass to find resonance states and that of nuclear absorption to detect the weak magnetic effects in weak interaction, K.C. Chou conducted wonderfully, by using dispersion theory, an immense amount of theoretical research work on the important photo-nuclear reaction. In statistical physics and condensed matter physics, K.C. Chou systemized Green’s function formalism in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. The method was applied to the studies of laser, plasma, critical dynamics, random quenching, etc.
He did a lot of work in the design and make of the first A-bomb, H-bomb, and strategic nuclear weapons of our country, and made extraordinary contributions to China’s Physics research, national defense, and science.
In 1964, he won the first prize in national natural science award. With his colleagues, he won the first prize in national natural science award in 1982 and Grand Prize of National Science and Technology Advancement in 1985 and the first prize of Important Science and technology Achievement of CAS in 1987. He was elected as members of Academies of Sciences of 11 countries and regions successively. In 1999, he was awarded Exploit Medal for "Atomic Bomb, Missile and Satellite" by Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, the State Council and Central Military Commission. |
